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      • Canton Palace - Merida, Mexico
      • Cenote Dos Ojos - Playa Del Carmen, Q.R.
      • Catedral de Merida - Merida, Yucatan
      • Chankanaab Adventure Beach Park - Cozumel, Q.R.
      • Chichen Itza, Yucatan Mexico
      • Cozumel Chef Tour - Cozumel, Q.R.
      • Cozumel Island Museum - Cozumel, Quintana Roo
      • Cozumel Pearl Farm - Cozumel, R.O.
      • Cozumel Tours - Cozumel, Q.R.
      • Frida Kahlo Museum - Playa del Carmen, Q.R.
      • Dzibilchaltún - Merida, Yucatan
      • Garrafon Natural Reef Park - Isla Mujeres, Q.R.
      • Great Museum of the Mayan World - Merida, Yucatan
      • Hacienda Sotuta de Peon - Merida, Yucatan
      • Holbox Adventure - Isla Holbox, Q.R.
      • Isla Pasion - Cozumel, Q.R.
      • Jean Laffitte Pirate Dinner Cruise - Cozumel, Q.R.
      • Jungle Buggy Tour - Playa Del Carmen, Q.R.
      • Las Coloradas in the Rio Largardos - Yucatan, Mexico
      • Magical Yellow City - Izamal, Yucatan
      • Mayaland Hotel & Bungalows - Chichen Itza, Yucatan
      • Mayan Bee Sanctuary - Cozumel, Quintana Roo
      • Mayan Cacao Company - Cozumel, Q.R.
      • Mexico Blue Dream - Playa del Carmen, Q.R.
      • ​​Mayapán Archaeological Zone - Telchaquillo, Yucatan
      • Muyil-Chunyaxche - Quintana Roo, Mexico
      • Paseo de Montejo - Merida, Yucatan
      • Punta Sur - Cozumel, Quintana Roo
      • Río Secreto - Playa del Carmen, Q.R.
      • San Gervasio - Cozumel, Quintana Roo
      • San Miguelito Archaeological Zone - Cancun, Q.R.
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      • Secrets Maroma Beach Resort - Cancun, Q.R.
      • Selvatica the Adventure Tribe - Puerto Morelos, Q.R.
      • Señor Frog’s - Cozumel, Quintana Roo
      • Sian Ka’an Biosphere Reserve - Quintana Roo
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MAYA CIVILIZATION

The Maya Civilization is the general name archaeologists have given to several independent, loosely affiliated city states who shared a cultural heritage in terms of language, customs, dress, artistic style and material culture. They occupied the central American continent, including the southern parts of Mexico, Belize, Guatemala, El Salvador and Honduras, an area of about 150,000 square miles. (By the way, archaeologists prefer to use the term "Maya civilization" rather than the more common "Mayan civilization", leaving "Mayan" to refer to the language.)

​The Maya culture began sometime around 1800 B.C. and in a sense, it has not ended: there are thousands of men and women in the Maya region still practicing traditional religion, speaking pre-colonial languages, and following ancient customs. Still, the Ancient Maya civilization reached its peak during the so-called “Classic Era” from around 300-900 A.D. It was during this time that the Maya civilization achieved its greatest achievements in art, culture, power, and influence.
Picture
The Mayan Alphabet
The Maya civilization covered an enormous area with a large variation of environments, economies, and growth of the civilization. Scholars address some of the Maya cultural variation by studying separate issues related to the climate and environment of the region. The Maya Highlands are the southern part of the Maya civilization, included the mountainous region in Mexico (particularly Chiapas state), Guatemala and Honduras.The Maya Lowlands make up the northern segment of the Maya region, including Mexico's Yucatan peninsula, and adjacent parts of Guatemala and Belize. A Pacific coastal piedmont range north of the Soconusco had fertile soils, dense forests and mangrove swamps.

The Maya civilization was certainly never an "empire", inasmuch as one person never ruled the entire region. During the Classic period, there were several strong kings at Tikal, Calakmul, Caracol and Dos Pilas, but none of them ever conquered the others.

Maya Society

As the Classic era dawned, Maya society was clearly defined. There was a king, royal family, and a ruling class. The Maya kings were powerful warlords who were in charge of warfare and who were considered to be descended from the gods. Maya priests interpreted the movements of the gods, as represented by the sun, moon, stars, and planets, telling the people when to plant and do other daily tasks. There was a middle class of sorts, artisans, and traders who enjoyed special privilege without being nobility themselves. The vast majority of Maya worked in basic agriculture, growing the corn, beans, and squash that still make up the staple diet in that part of the world.

The Classic Era Maya were talented astronomers and mathematicians. They understood the concept of zero, but did not work with fractions. The astronomers could predict and calculate the movements of the planets and other celestial bodies: much of the information in the four surviving Maya codices (books) concerns these movements, accurately predicting eclipses and other celestial events. The Maya were literate and had their own spoken and written language.

They wrote books on specially prepared fig tree bark and carved historical information into stone on their temples and palaces. The Maya used two overlapping calendars which were quite accurate.

​Between 700 and 900 A.D., most of the major Maya cities were abandoned and left to ruin. Why the Maya civilization collapsed is still a mystery although there is no shortage of theories. After 900 A.D., the Maya still existed: certain Maya cities in the Yucatán, such as Chichen Itza and Mayapan, thrived during the Postclassic era. The descendants of the Maya still used the writing system, the calendar and other vestiges of the peak of Maya culture: the four surviving Maya codices are thought to have all been created during the postclassic era. The different cultures in the region were rebuilding when the Spanish arrived in the early 1500s, but the combination of the bloody conquest and European diseases pretty much ended the Maya renaissance.

Source: Minster, Christopher. "The Maya Classic Era." ThoughtCo, Jul. 24, 2017, thoughtco.com/the-maya-classic-era-2136179.
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  • CRUISING THE YUCATAN
    • State of Yucatan
    • State of Campeche
    • State of Quintana Roo
    • Mayan Ruins Cruises
    • Mayan Civilization
    • Riviera Maya Cruises
    • Mexico Cruises
    • Mexican Riviera Cruises
    • Cancun Hotel Zone
    • Cenotes of the Yucatan Peninsula
    • Golf Courses of the Yucatan Peninsula
    • Yucatan Peninsula Attractions >
      • 3D Museum of Wonders - Playa del Carmen, Yucatan
      • Chaak Tun Cenotes - Playa del Carmen, Q.R.
      • Atlantis Submarine Tour - Cozumel, Q.R.
      • Canton Palace - Merida, Mexico
      • Cenote Dos Ojos - Playa Del Carmen, Q.R.
      • Catedral de Merida - Merida, Yucatan
      • Chankanaab Adventure Beach Park - Cozumel, Q.R.
      • Chichen Itza, Yucatan Mexico
      • Cozumel Chef Tour - Cozumel, Q.R.
      • Cozumel Island Museum - Cozumel, Quintana Roo
      • Cozumel Pearl Farm - Cozumel, R.O.
      • Cozumel Tours - Cozumel, Q.R.
      • Frida Kahlo Museum - Playa del Carmen, Q.R.
      • Dzibilchaltún - Merida, Yucatan
      • Garrafon Natural Reef Park - Isla Mujeres, Q.R.
      • Great Museum of the Mayan World - Merida, Yucatan
      • Hacienda Sotuta de Peon - Merida, Yucatan
      • Holbox Adventure - Isla Holbox, Q.R.
      • Isla Pasion - Cozumel, Q.R.
      • Jean Laffitte Pirate Dinner Cruise - Cozumel, Q.R.
      • Jungle Buggy Tour - Playa Del Carmen, Q.R.
      • Las Coloradas in the Rio Largardos - Yucatan, Mexico
      • Magical Yellow City - Izamal, Yucatan
      • Mayaland Hotel & Bungalows - Chichen Itza, Yucatan
      • Mayan Bee Sanctuary - Cozumel, Quintana Roo
      • Mayan Cacao Company - Cozumel, Q.R.
      • Mexico Blue Dream - Playa del Carmen, Q.R.
      • ​​Mayapán Archaeological Zone - Telchaquillo, Yucatan
      • Muyil-Chunyaxche - Quintana Roo, Mexico
      • Paseo de Montejo - Merida, Yucatan
      • Punta Sur - Cozumel, Quintana Roo
      • Río Secreto - Playa del Carmen, Q.R.
      • San Gervasio - Cozumel, Quintana Roo
      • San Miguelito Archaeological Zone - Cancun, Q.R.
      • Scuba Life Cozumel, Quintana Roo
      • Secrets Maroma Beach Resort - Cancun, Q.R.
      • Selvatica the Adventure Tribe - Puerto Morelos, Q.R.
      • Señor Frog’s - Cozumel, Quintana Roo
      • Sian Ka’an Biosphere Reserve - Quintana Roo
      • Tulum Ruins - Quintana Roo
      • Uxmal - Yucatan, Mexico
      • Xcaret Park - Playa Del Carmen, Q.R.
      • Xel-Há Ecological Park Quintana Roo, Mexico
      • Convent Route, Yucatan Mexico
      • Haciendas in Mexico
      • Puuc Route, Yucatan Mexico
      • Caves - Grutas in Mexico
  • Yucatan Cruise Lines
    • Victory Cruise Lines
  • Cruise Itineraries
    • Victory 11 Day - Yucatan's Mayan Cruise Tour
  • Destinations
    • Akumal, Quintana Roo Mexico
    • Cancun, Mexico Cruises ​​
    • Costa Maya, Mexico Cruises ​​
    • Cozumel, Mexico Cruises
    • Holbox Island, Mexico
    • Isla Mujeres, Mexico
    • Mérida, Mexico Cruises ​​
    • Playa Del Carmen, Mexico Cruises ​​
    • Progreso, Mexico Cruises
    • Tulum, Mexico Cruises ​​
    • Uxmal, Yucatan Mexico
    • Valladolid, Mexico Cruises
  • Yucatan Blog
    • Mayan Food
    • Mayan Hammocks
    • Yucatan Photos
    • Yucatan Videos
    • Cancun Condos
    • Foro de Cruceros
    • Real Estate in Yucatan
    • Rentals in Yucatan
    • Property Management in Yucatan